There are many methods employed to handle bulk particulates within ISO containers.All could be improved or, better still, replaced.

Any method so far in existence involves transporting truck laden containers to a place of execution where they are subsequently loaded or unloaded: obviously.

All tasks involve extensive truck manoeuvring and sometimes require uncoupling the tractive unit from the semi-trailer. Such procedures are time consuming and interrupt the smooth throughput.

As more high, and not so high, value products become containerised many producers will ask questions like.

"Why do I have to stop the loading process while an articulated vehicle combination approaches?"

"Why is the trailer tipped?"

"Why am I dismounting containers, already on trailers, and then remounting them...on my own premises?"

Containerisation of bulk cargo will grow mainly from security concerns and also because of better weather protection. Market growth will need improved logistics.

What are the best available methods for loading and unloading bulk in containers? New designs are available to interested parties for further discussion. ■